Pressure-gradient-induced Alfvén eigenmodes: II. Kinetic excitation with ion temperature gradient

Radial localization of toroidicity-induced Alfvén eigenmodes.

Linear gyrokinetic simulation of fusion plasmas finds a radial localization of the toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) due to the nonperturbative energetic particle (EP) contribution. The EP-driven TAE has a radial mode width much smaller than that predicted by the magnetohydrodynamic theory. The TAE radial position stays around the strongest EP pressure gradients when the EP profile evolves. The...

Role of stable eigenmodes in gyrokinetic models of ion temperature gradient turbulence

Investigation of ion temperature gradient turbulence in gyrokinetic models shows that some of the key features of reduced models associated with saturation by nonlinearly excited damped eigenmodes carry over to gyrokinetics. For nonzonal wavenumbers the frequency spectrum in gyrokinetics is broader by a factor of 10 than simple nonlinear broadening of the most unstable eigenmode. The width, inc...

Ion temperature gradient driven turbulence with strong trapped ion resonance

Kinetic and fluid simulations on steady and quasisteady states of slab ion temperature gradient driven turbulence

Anomalous transport caused by plasma turbulence has long been a central subject in research on the magnetic confinement fusion. Ion temperature gradient (ITG) driven turbulence is considered to be responsible for the anomalous ion heat transport in a core of magnetically confined plasmas. Kinetic and fluid simulation studies on the ITG turbulence transport have been actively done in the last de...

Observation of temperature-gradient-induced magnetization

Applying magnetic fields has been the method of choice to magnetize non-magnetic materials, but they are difficult to focus. The magneto-electric effect and voltage-induced magnetization generate magnetization by applied electric fields, but only in special compounds or heterostructures. Here we demonstrate that a simple metal such as gold can be magnetized by a temperature gradient or magnetic...